Gene Expression: An Overview

If a disease shows up in several members of the same family but skips generations, it is most likely

• a.linked to a recessive gene.
• b.linked to a dominant gene.
• c.not deadly.
• d.not genetically transmitted.

Garrod’s research built on previous work by

• a.Leonardo da Vinci.
• b.Mendel.
• c.Beadle.
• d.Tatum.

After studying medical conditions that ran in families, Archibald Garrod concluded that

• a.certain errors of metabolism were caused by a recessive gene.
• b.the conditions resulted from an enzyme deficiency.
• c.there was a connection between genes and enzymes.
• d.All of the answers are correct.

Which of the following was NOT an advantage of using Neurospora crassa (N. crassa) bread mold instead of fruit flies to study genetics?

• a.N. crassa can produce spores that carry just one set of chromosomes.
• b.N. crassa spores were easy to pick up with tweezers for analysis.
• c.It is easy to observe whether the bread mold is growing on top of gel.
• d.It is easy to control the nutrients given the spores.

A person with blue eyes has

• a.defective pigment genes.
• b.one dominant pigment gene.
• c.two dominant pigment genes.
• d.one recessive pigment gene.

Beadle and Tatum’s “one gene, one enzyme” hypothesis has been expanded to

• a.“one gene, one DNA.”
• b.“one gene, one RNA.”
• c.“one gene, one hereditary disease.”
• d.“two genes, one enzyme.”

The Central Dogma of molecular biology states that genetic information moves in one direction, from

• a.protein to RNA to DNA.
• b.RNA to DNA to protein.
• c.DNA to RNA to protein.
• d.RNA to protein to DNA.

Chemicals in the body are converted and broken down by

• a.enzymes.
• b.lipids.
• c.traits.
• d.wild types.

Gene expression refers to

• a.the molecular structure of DNA.
• b.the process by which protein manufactures DNA.
• c.the process by which genetic information in the form of DNA is converted into a gene product, such as an enzyme, through a series of chemical reactions.
• d.the fact that biological processes rely on chemical reactions.