Mecánica

Thermodynamics I

por Zachary Hartman, Ph.D., Anthony Carpi, Ph.D.

Punto de Comprensión

Adding heat to ice water

Old Bess Steam Engine — **Figure 1**: Watt's steam engine "Old Bess" preserved at The Science Museum. image © geni

Sadi Carnot Large — **Figure 2**: Sadi Carnot

Punto de Comprensión

Energy can be converted from one form into a different form.

**Figure 3**: Diagram illustrating the First Law of Thermodynamics. On the left, a paddle wheel spins in a beaker of cool water; on the right, the paddle has stopped spinning and the temperature of the water has increased. This is a type of energy conversion where work (the spinning paddle) creates a proportional amount of heat (the warmer water). Throughout the process, though, the amount of energy in the system remains constant.

Punto de Comprensión

The kinetic theory of heat says that heat comes from

Punto de Comprensión

The calorimeter

Resumen

Without heat flow, nothing can move, no chemical reactions can take place, and no machines can run. This module introduces the concepts of heat and thermodynamics. It explains early ideas about heat and how scientists came to understand that heat and work are two different forms of the same thing. The First Law of Thermodynamics is described (simply put, energy cannot be created or destroyed). Other topics include latent heat and the measurement of heat.

Conceptos Clave

Thermodynamics is the study of the relationships between heat, mechanical, chemical and other forms of energy and the effects of these forms of energy on or within a system.
Heat is a form of energy that moves from areas of high to low, and it can be converted into work energy.
The First Law of Thermodynamics, a variant of the Law of Conservation of Energy, states that within a closed system, energy may change form but cannot be created or destroyed.