Discovery and Structure of Cells | Biology | Quiz

While we have always been made of cells, it took us a long time to see them. What innovation below was critical to the discovery of cells, showing the relationship of science and technology?

Dissatisfaction with the theory of spontaneous generation.

Electricity, to power the microscope.

Glass lenses, to magnify tiny things clearly.

The light bulb, to provide light for the microscope.
The Cell Theory is based on two observations. That all living things are made of cells and that all cells come from other cells. Which of these observations was made first?

All living things are made of cells.

All cells come from other cells.

None of the above.
van Leeuwenhoek called the organisms he viewed in his microscope “little animals” and described parts like legs, fins, and heads. Later studies would show that these organisms have a nucleus. What kind of cells did he likely view?

Prokaryotic, single-celled organisms

Prokaryotic, multi-celled organisms

Eukaryotic, single-celled organisms

Eukaryotic, multi-celled organisms
Which of the following is NOT evidence for the idea that all living things are related and share ancestry, the Theory of Universal Common Descent?

Some organisms can use light for energy through photosynthesis but some cannot.

All organisms share a genetic code.

All organisms use ribosomes.

All organisms have similar cell membranes.
Which of the following organelles would you expect to find in a prokaryotic cell?

Mitochondria

Ribosome

Golgi apparatus

Lysosomes
Which of the following pairs does NOT match an organelle with its function in cells?

Lysosomes - breaking down materials

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum - site of protein synthesis

Cell Wall - controls movement of materials into and out of the cell

Chloroplasts - energy harvesting for plants
While both prokaryotes and eukaryotes have DNA, in prokaryotes DNA is arranged in a circle, whereas in eukaryotes DNA is arranged in linear strands.

true

false
Because they have the same DNA and come from the same single cell, all of the cells in a human look the same.

true

false
Macrophages are cells in the human immune system whose job it is to take in and then break down potentially harmful materials like germs and cancer cells. Which organelle below would you expect to find in abundance in macrophages?

Chloroplasts

Ribosomes

Lysosomes

Mitochondria
Muscle cells have special fibers that use ATP to slide across each other to allow muscle contraction and, thereby, movement. Which organelle below would you expect to find in abundance in muscle cells.

Mitochondria

Lysosomes

Cell wall

Plasma membrane