Physical States and Properties
States of Matter
Further Exploration
Chemtutor - A good overall description of the states of matter.
Wikipedia - An excellent definition with links to descriptions of the various phases.
T. Eastman, Plasmas International - Introductory description, pictures and great links.
The Why Files, U. Wisconsin - Background and description of the state of matter.
Biography
Classics
Quantum Theory of the Monoatomic Ideal Gas
A. Einstein, Proceedings of the Prussian Academy of Sciences, 1925 - Original draft manuscript, in Einstein's own handwriting, that predicts the clumping together of atoms into a "mono-atom" at absolute zero.
News & Events
Bose-Einstein Condensates Break Temperature Record
Physics Web
Scientists at the Large Hadron Collider have discovered an exotic new state of matter
Quartz - Report on the discovery of a new state of matter, the "pentaquark," which is an atomic particle made up of 5 quarks.
Howstuffworks
News from around the world of science.
Research
Quantum Theory of the Monoatomic Ideal Gas
A. Einstein, Proceedings of the Prussian Academy of Sciences, 1925 - Original draft manuscript, in Einstein's own handwriting, that predicts the clumping together of atoms into a "mono-atom" at absolute zero.
Bose-Einstein Condensation Research
C. Weiman, U. Colorado - Current research page of the 2001 Nobel laureate who created the first B-E condensate. Includes illustrations of the state.
Google - Research database allows searching of the scholarly literature.
Experiment!
A Sense of Scale: Absolute Zero
PBS NOVA - Interactive to travel from absolute zero to what may be the highest temperature of all.
Reaching Ultra-Low Temperatures
PBS NOVA - Interactive using the "cascade" process to achieve dramatically lower temperatures.
Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)
Next Generation Science Standards: For States, By States
National Academies Press: A Framework for K-12 Science Education
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