Atmosphere and Oceans
Factors that Control Earth's Temperature
Further Exploration
(NASA) Go backward and forward in time with this interactive visualization that illustrates how the Earth's climate has changed in recent history.
(NASA) Explore the inner workings of our host star and learn about the sun's role in climate change.
Biography

Classics
Aristotle's treatise on "all the affections we may call common to air and water, and the kinds and parts of the earth and the affections of its parts."
News & Events
Earth's oxygen levels can affect its climate
(Smithsonian) By analyzing climate models, scientists determined that oxygen in the atmosphere altered Earth's climate in the past.
Surface of the oceans affects climate more than thought
(Phys.org) Discussion of research on a gas produced by oceans, isoprene, that can form particles that affect temperature and precipitation.
Research
Google - Research database allows searching of the scholarly literature.
Experiment!
Convert a variety of measurements - length, area, mass, etc. - via a variety of online converters from Math.com.
Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS)
Next Generation Science Standards: For States, By States
National Academies Press: A Framework for K-12 Science Education