Physical States and Properties Kinetic-Molecular Theory: Molecule collisions, the mean free path, and modern KMT by Megan Cartwright, Ph.D. Reading Quiz Teach with this Kinetic-molecular theory makes several assumptions about the size and energy of molecules. the motion and energy of molecules. the motion and size of molecules. the size and weight of molecules. Rudolf Clausius supported the idea of caloric theory, which regarded heat as a substance that surrounds molecules. false true Swiss mathematician Daniel Bernoulli performed a thought experiment and developed ideas that form the basis of modern kinetic-molecular theory. Which of the following concepts was NOT proposed by Bernoulli? Bernoulli thought a heat substance engulfed gas molecules, causing them to repel each other so forcefully they would shoot into the walls of a container. Bernoulli assumed that gas molecules behave like tiny spheres in constant linear motion. Bernoulli reasoned that gas molecules would constantly collide with each other and the walls of a container, thereby exerting pressure on the walls. Bernoulli assumed that heat affects the movement of molecules. Clausius proposed that heat is a form of _____ that affects the temperature of matter by changing the motion of molecules. gas velocity molecular mass energy Using his kinetic energy equation, Clausius discovered that molecules such as oxygen travel at 461 m/s (extremely fast). However, a problem was pointed out in this theory with perfume as an example. What was it? This movement of molecules was slower than most people experienced. This movement of molecules was faster than most people experienced. Some perfumes are stronger smelling than others. Some perfumes are weaker smelling than others. The average distance that a molecule travels between collisions is known as its _____ . kinetic energy mean restricted path mean free path velocity Maxwell theorized that the gas molecules in a sample of gas are moving at _____ speeds. different the same the fastest possible the slowest possible One limitation of kinetic-molecular theory for real gases is that real gases _____. are in periodic, calculated, circular motion are not affected by the volume of molecules do not experience intermolecular forces do experience intermolecular forces Kinetic-molecular theory is most useful and accurate when gases are at _____ or at _____ . high temperature; high pressure high temperature; low pressure low temperature; high pressure low temperature; low pressure Score Quiz