Alphabetical list of glossary terms
- AAAS
- abiogenesis
- absolute age
- absolute humidity
- absolute temperature
- absolute zero
- absorb
- abstract
- acceleration
- accuracy
- acetylcholine
- acid
- acid rain
- ACS
- activation energy
- active transport
- Adams, John Couch
- adaptation
- adenosine triphosphate
- adhesion
- adiabatic
- adsorb
- advection
- aerobic
- Agassiz, Louis
- Age of Exploration
- agglutination
- Agricola, Georgius
- agronomist
- AGU
- albedo
- alchemy
- alcohol
- algae
- Alhazen
- alkaloid
- alkanes
- alkenes
- alkynes
- allele
- allotropy
- alpha particle
- alternative hypothesis
- alveolar
- alveolus
- American Association for the Advancement of Science
- American Chemical Society
- American Geophysical Union
- amino acid
- amorphous
- Ampere, Andre
- amphibious
- amphiphilic
- Amphoteric
- amplitude
- analysis
- Anaxagoras
- Anaximander
- Andean margin
- andesite
- Angstrom
- angular momentum
- anion
- anode
- anomaly
- ANOVA
- anther
- antibody
- antigen
- antiport
- apex predator
- aquatic
- aquifer
- archaea
- Archimedes
- Aristotle
- arithmetic mean
- Arrhenius, Svante
- artery
- artificial selection
- asthenosphere
- astrobiology
- atmosphere
- atom
- atomic mass
- atomic mass unit
- atomic number
- atomic orbitals
- atomic unit
- atomic weight
- ATP
- attenuation
- average
- Avery, Oswald
- Avogadro's Law
- Avogadro, Amedeo
- Bacon, Francis
- bacteria
- bacteriophage
- basalt
- base
- Bateson, William
- BCE
- beam
- Becquerel, Henri
- bell curve
- Bernoulli, Daniel
- Berzelius, Jöns Jakob
- beta particle
- Big Bang
- binary fission
- binary stars
- binomial
- biodiversity
- biogeochemical
- biomass
- biome
- bioregion
- biosphere
- Bjerknes, Vilhelm
- black-body radiation
- blueprint
- blueshift
- Bohr, Niels
- bond
- bond length
- bonding
- Born, Max
- Bose, Satyendra Nath
- boundary
- Boyle's Law
- Boyle, Robert
- Brahe, Tycho
- breeding
- breeding population
- Brown, Robert
- Brownian motion
- Brønsted, Johannes
- buffer
- buoyant
- buoyant force
- Bush, Vannevar
- calcareous
- calibrate
- Cannizzaro, Stanislao
- carbon-14 dating
- carbonic acid
- Carnot Cycle
- Carnot, Sadi
- carpel
- Cartesian plane
- catalyst
- cathode
- cathode ray
- cation
- causation
- Cavendish, Henry
- CE
- cell
- cellulose
- Celsius, Anders
- centrifugation
- centrioles
- CFC
- Chadwick, James
- Chambers, Robert
- Chapman, Sydney
- Chargaff, Erwin
- charge
- Charles's Law
- Charles, Jacques-Alexandre-César
- Chase, Martha
- chemical bond
- chemical reaction
- chemiosmosis
- chlorofluorocarbons
- chloroplast
- chromatin
- chromosome
- circulation
- circulatory system
- citizen scientist
- classification
- Clausius, Rudolf
- cleavage
- climate
- climatic zones
- cloud condensation nuclei
- cohesion
- collision theory
- colloid
- combustion
- comparative
- compound
- concentration
- concentration gradient
- conchoidal fracture
- condensate
- condensation
- conditioning
- conductivity
- conference
- confidence interval
- confidence level
- configuration
- confirmation bias
- conic section
- Conjugate acid
- Conjugate base
- conservation
- conservation biology
- constant
- continental crust
- continental drift
- control
- controversy
- convection
- convergent boundary
- Cope, Edward Drinker
- Copernicus, Nicolaus
- core
- Coriolis effect
- correlation
- Correns, Carl
- Cortes, Hernando
- cortisol
- Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation
- coulomb
- covalent bond
- covalent molecule
- cramp
- Crick, Francis
- CRISPR
- critical habitat
- crust
- crystal
- crystalline
- crystallization
- Curie, Marie
- Curie, Pierre
- current
- cytokinesis
- cytoplasm
- cytosol
- Dalton, John
- Dana, James Dwight
- Darwin, Charles
- data
- dataset
- daughter
- Davisson-Germer experiment
- de Broglie wavelength
- de Broglie, Louis
- de Vries, Hugo
- debate
- decay
- decay chain
- decompose
- deep time
- degree
- delta
- Democritus
- denitrification
- dense
- density
- deoxyribonucleic acid
- dependent variable
- Descartes, Rene
- descent
- descriptive statistics
- deuterated
- deuterium
- development
- dew point
- diatomic
- differential equation
- diffract
- diffraction
- diffusion
- diffusion coefficient
- dimensional analysis
- diorite
- dipole
- dipole-dipole interaction
- dipole-induced dipole interaction
- dissociate
- dissolved solid
- distillation
- divergent boundary
- DNA
- DNA helicase
- DNA ligase
- DNA polymerase
- dominant
- Doppler effect
- Doppler, Christian
- ductile
- ductility
- earthquake
- eclogite
- ecosystem
- effusion
- Einstein, Albert
- El Niño-Southern Oscillation
- electrical charge
- electrical force
- electrolysis
- electrolyte
- electromagnetic radiation
- electron
- electron orbitals
- electron shell
- electronegativity
- element
- emit
- Empedocles
- emulsion
- endangered species list
- endemic
- endocytosis
- endomembrane system
- endosymbiosis
- endothermic
- energy
- ENIAC
- ENSO
- entropy
- environment
- Environmental Protection Agency
- enzyme
- EPA
- epidemiology
- epistemology
- equilibrium
- Eratosthenes
- erosion
- estimation
- ethology
- eugenics
- eukaryote
- eukaryotic
- eutrophic
- eutrophication
- evaporation
- evidence
- evolution
- evolutionary history
- excitable
- excited state
- exothermic
- experiment
- experimental psychology
- exponent
- exponential decay
- exponential growth
- extensive property
- extinction
- extrapolate
- extreme science
- extrusion
- facilitated diffusion
- Fahrenheit, Daniel Gabriel
- Faraday, Michael
- Fermat, Pierre
- Fermi, Enrico
- Ferrel cell
- Ferrel, William
- Feynman, Richard
- Fick, Adolf
- filial
- first ionization energy
- First Law of Thermodynamics
- Fisher, Ronald
- Fixity of Species
- floodplain
- flotsam
- fluid
- fluid dynamics
- fluorescence
- folk taxonomy
- force
- formula
- fossil
- fossil record
- Fourier, Joseph
- Franklin, Benjamin
- Franklin, Rosalind
- frequency
- friction
- function
- gabbro
- Galileo Galilei
- gamete
- gamma decay
- gas
- gas constant
- gas laws
- gate
- Gauss, Carl Friedrich
- Gaussian distribution
- Gay-Lussac, Joseph-Louis
- GCM
- gene
- gene drive
- General Circulation Model
- generation
- genetic drift
- genome
- genotype
- genus
- geocentric
- geographic information system
- Geological Society of America
- geosphere
- geothermal gradient
- Gerlach, Walther
- Gilbert, Grove Karl
- glacial period
- Global Positioning System
- glossary terms
- glucose
- golgi apparatus
- Goodall, Jane
- Gordon, Neil
- Gosset, William Sealy
- Gould, Stephen Jay
- Graham, Thomas
- granite
- gravity
- greenhouse effect
- greenhouse gas
- Griffith, Frederick
- ground state
- ground truth
- groundwater
- group
- GSA
- Gutenberg, Beno
- Haber, Fritz
- habitat
- Hadley cell
- Hadley, George
- Haldane, J.B.S.
- half-life
- Halley, Edmund
- haplotype
- Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
- Hau, Lene
- Hawking, Stephen
- heat
- Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle
- Heisenberg, Werner
- heliocentric
- hemagglutination
- hematocrit
- Heraclitus
- heredity
- Herschel, John
- Herschel, William
- Hershey, Alfred
- Hess, Harry
- heterogeneous mixture
- heterozygous
- Higgs boson
- hindcast
- Hipparchus
- homeothermic
- hominid
- homogeneous mixture
- homozygous
- Hooke, Robert
- hormone
- horticulture
- hot spot
- Hubble constant
- Hubble, Edwin Powell
- Hudson, Henry
- Human Genome Project
- hurricane
- Hutton, James
- Huxley, Thomas Henry
- Huygens, Christian
- hybrid
- hydrocarbon
- hydrogen bond
- hydrogenation
- Hydronium ion
- hydrophilic
- hydrophobic
- hydrosphere
- hydroxide ion
- hydroxyl
- hygrometer
- Hypatia
- hypotenuse
- hypothesis
- ice core
- ice patch
- iceberg
- ideal gas
- igneous
- immiscible
- immunity
- imprinting
- in vitro
- independent variable
- indicator
- induced dipole
- inert
- inferential
- infinite
- inherent
- inheritance
- inherited
- innate
- inorganic
- insolation
- insoluble
- insulator
- intensive property
- interdisciplinary
- interglacial period
- Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
- intermolecular force
- interpretation
- interstitial
- Intertropical Convergence Zone
- invertebrate
- ion
- ionic bond
- ionic compound
- ionized
- IPCC
- Isaac Newton
- isoelectronic
- isomers
- isotope
- ITCZ
- iteration
- iterative
- Joliot-Curie, Frederic
- Joliot-Curie, Irene
- joule
- Joule, James Prescott
- karyotype
- Keeling, Charles
- Kepler, Johannes
- kinetic
- kinetic energy
- kinetic-molecular theory
- kinetics
- Knight, Thomas Andrew
- Krebs, Hans Adolf
- Lamarck, Jean Baptiste
- landscape
- Landsteiner, Karl
- LANL
- Laplace, Pierre-Simon
- latitude
- lattice
- Lavoisier, Antoine
- law
- Lawes, John Bennet
- Le Verrier, Urbain
- leaching
- learning
- Leclerc, Georges
- Lehmann, Inge
- lenticular
- leukocytes
- Levene, Phoebus
- Lewis, Gilbert Newton
- lichen
- light
- limestone
- limiting factor
- limiting nutrient
- limiting reactant
- limnologist
- line spectra
- Line, Francis
- lineage
- linear equation
- linear momentum
- linear regression
- Linnaean hierarchy
- Linnaeus, Carolus
- Linus, Franciscus
- lipids
- liquid
- lithosphere
- logbook
- London dispersion force
- Lord Kelvin
- Los Alamos National Laboratory
- Loschmidt, Johann Josef
- Lovelock, James
- lunar eclipse
- luster
- Lyell, Charles
- lymphocyte
- MacLeod, Colin
- macronutrient
- macroscopic
- Magellan, Ferdinand
- magma
- magnetic moment
- magnetism
- magnitude
- malleability
- Malthus, Thomas Robert
- Manhattan Project
- manipulation
- mantle
- manuscript
- mass
- mass spectrometer
- maternal
- mathematical modeling
- matter
- Matthews, Drummond
- Maury, Matthew
- maximum depth
- Maxwell, James Clerk
- mb
- McCarty, Maclyn
- mean
- mean free path
- mechanical
- Medawar, Peter
- median
- megaparsec
- meiosis
- melanin
- melting point
- membrane
- membrane pump
- Mendel, Gregor
- Mendeleev, Dmitri
- mesosphere
- metabolism
- metallic bond
- metamorphic
- metamorphism
- meteorology
- method
- methodology
- Michell, John
- Michelson, Albert
- microbial
- microevolution
- microfossil
- micronutrient
- microplastics
- microscopic
- microtubule
- mid-ocean ridge
- Middle Ages
- Miescher, J. Friedrich
- migration
- millibar
- mineral
- mineralization
- miscible
- misconduct
- mitochondria
- mitosis
- mixtures
- model
- Moho
- Mohorovičić, Andrija
- Mohorovicic Discontinuity
- Mohs, Friedrich
- mole
- Mole ratio
- molecular weight
- molecule
- monomer
- Montgolfier, Jacques-Étienne
- Montgolfier, Joseph-Michel
- Morgan, Thomas Hunt
- mutant
- mutate
- mutation
- myth
- Nageli, Carl
- NASA
- National Center for Atmospheric Research
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
- National Science Foundation
- natural history
- natural resources
- natural selection
- NCAR
- Neanderthal
- nebulae
- negative control
- Net movement
- network
- neutral
- neutralization
- neutron
- neutrophil
- newton
- Nightingale, Florence
- nitrification
- nitrogen fixation
- NOAA
- Nobel Prize
- nomenclature
- non-relativistic
- nonpolar covalent bond
- nonpolar molecule
- normal distribution
- nourish
- NSF
- nuclear fission
- nuclear fusion
- nucleic acid
- nucleotide
- nucleus
- null hypothesis
- Nuremberg Doctors' Trial
- nutrient
- nutrient influx
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory
- observation
- oceanic crust
- oceanographer
- Ockham's Razor
- Oersted, Hans Christian
- Okazaki fragment
- Oldenburg, Henry
- oligotrophic
- optical
- optimal foraging
- order of magnitude
- organelle
- organic
- organic chemistry
- organic molecule
- organism
- ORNL
- Osborn, Henry Fairfield
- osteological
- outbreak
- outcome
- outlier
- ovule
- oxidation state
- ozone
- ozone layer
- P-wave
- paleobiological
- paleobiology
- paleomagnetic reversals
- Paley, William
- Pangaea
- panspermia
- parameter
- parasite
- parent
- parsimony
- Parsimony, The Principle of
- particle
- Pascal, Blaise
- Pasteur, Louis
- patent
- paternal
- Pauli exclusion principle
- Pauli, Wolfgang
- Pauling, Linus
- Pearson, Karl
- peer review
- peptide
- peridotite
- period
- Perry, John
- pH
- phenotype
- phospholipid
- photosynthesis
- photosynthesize
- photosynthesizing
- phylogeny
- phytoplankton
- pigment
- pigmentation
- Planck's constant
- Planck, Max
- plasma membrane
- plasticity
- plate boundary
- plate tectonics
- Playfair, John
- polar
- polar cell
- polar covalent bond
- polar covalent molecule
- polar molecule
- polarity
- pollen
- pollinate
- polymer
- polymorph
- population
- positive control
- potential energy
- precipitate
- precipitation
- precision
- preening
- prevailing wind
- Priestley, Joseph
- primary production
- principle
- probability
- process
- product
- progeny
- prokaryote
- prokaryotic
- propagate
- property
- prospective
- protein
- proton
- Proust, Joseph
- proximate vs. ultimate causes
- pure substances
- Pythagoras
- quantify
- quantized
- quantum mechanics
- quantum numbers
- quartz
- radar
- radian
- radiation
- radioactive decay
- radioactivity
- radioisotopes
- radiosonde
- rain gauge
- rainshadow
- Ramsay, William
- random walk
- rarefactions
- ratio
- Ray, John
- Rayleigh surface wave
- reactant
- reaction
- reaction rate
- recessive
- record
- recycle
- redshift
- reflect
- refraction
- regression
- relative age
- relative humidity
- relativistic
- relativity
- Remak, Robert
- repel
- replication
- reproductive isolation
- research
- respiration
- Resting membrane potential
- retrospective
- Richardson, Lewis Fry
- riparian
- RNA
- rookery
- rough endoplasmic reticulum
- rover
- Royal Society of London
- Rutherford, Ernest
- S-wave
- Sagan, Carl
- Saint-Hillaire, Isidore Geoffroy
- salt
- sampling
- sanitation
- saponification
- saturation
- scale
- Schleiden, Matthias Jacob
- Schrödinger's equation
- Schrödinger, Erwin
- Schwann, Theodor
- scientific controversy
- scientific method
- scientific notation
- Scientific Revolution
- sea ice
- seafloor
- seafloor spreading
- seamount
- second ionization energy
- Second Law of Thermodynamics
- sediment
- sedimentary
- seismic wave
- seismologist
- serology
- serpentine
- serum
- Shiprock
- SI
- sickle cell disease
- skewed distribution
- Skou, Jens Christian
- sky island
- Slipher, Vesto Melvin
- smog
- society
- Soddy, Frederick
- soil
- solar eclipse
- solid
- solubility
- soluble
- solute
- solution
- solvent
- sonar
- space mission
- space shuttle
- Spallanzani, Lazzaro
- Spanish Inquisition
- species
- spectral lines
- spectrogram
- spectrograph
- spectrometer
- spectroscopy
- spectrum
- spherical
- spiral nebulae
- spontaneous generation
- spread
- stakeholder
- standard deviation
- standard error of the mean
- standard pressure
- standard temperature
- statistic
- statistical error
- statistical significance
- statistics
- status quo
- Steno, Nicolaus
- Stern, Otto
- Stoichiometry
- strain
- stratosphere
- Strong acid
- Strong base
- Student's t-test
- subduction
- subduction zones
- subject
- subsample
- subshell
- sugar
- supercomputer
- Superfund
- surface
- surface tension
- suspension
- symbiosis
- synthesis
- synthetic
- system
- systematic error
- t-distribution
- taxonomy
- telemetry
- temperate zones
- terrestrial
- Test
- tetrahedron
- Thales
- Theophrastus
- theorem
- theory
- Theory of Spontaneous Generation
- thermal
- thermodynamics
- thermosphere
- Third Law of Thermodynamics
- Thomson, John
- Thomson, William
- Titration
- Torricelli, Evangelista
- trachyte
- trade wind
- trait
- transform boundary
- transition
- transmutation
- transpiration
- treatment
- trench
- trigonometry
- tropopause
- troposphere
- Tyndall, John
- Tyson, Edward
- ultraviolet
- uncertainty
- uniformitarianism
- unit
- universe
- uropygial gland
- vaccine
- valence
- valence electron
- valence shell
- validate
- value
- van der Waals force
- variable
- vein
- velocity
- Venter, Craig
- vertebrate
- vesicle
- villi
- Vine, Frederick
- Virchow, Karl
- virus
- viscosity
- viscous
- visibility
- volume
- von Seysenegg, Erich Tschermak
- Wallace, Alfred Russel
- water-insoluble
- Watson, James
- wave action
- wave function
- wave period
- wave-particle duality
- wavelength
- waves
- Weak acid
- Weak base
- wean
- weathering
- Wegener, Alfred
- weight
- Wilkins, Maurice
- Wilson, J. Tuzo
- WMO
- work
- World Meteorological Organization
- Wren, Christopher
- x-axis
- X-ray
- X-ray crystallography
- X-ray diffraction
- y-axis
- yeast
- Young, Thomas
- zygote
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